Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- Q16881
- Entry Name:
- TRXR1_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic (TR) (EC 1.8.1.9) (Gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein) (GRIM-12) (Gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein) (KM-102-derived reductase-like factor) (Thioredoxin reductase TR1)
- Gene Names:
- TXNRD1 GRIM12 KDRF
- Gene Names Primary:
- TXNRD1
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 649
- Sequence:
- MGCAEGKAVAAAAPTELQTKGKNGDGRRRSAKDHHPGKTLPENPAGFTSTATADSRALLQAYIDGHSVVIFSRSTCTRCTEVKKLFKSLCVPYFVLELDQTEDGRALEGTLSELAAETDLPVVFVKQRKIGGHGPTLKAYQEGRLQKLLKMNGPEDLPKSYDYDLIIIGGGSGGLAAAKEAAQYGKKVMVLDFVTPTPLGTRWGLGGTCVNVGCIPKKLMHQAALLGQALQDSRNYGWKVEETVKHDWDRMIEAVQNHIGSLNWGYRVALREKKVVYENAYGQFIGPHRIKATNNKGKEKIYSAERFLIATGERPRYLGIPGDKEYCISSDDLFSLPYCPGKTLVVGASYVALECAGFLAGIGLDVTVMVRSILLRGFDQDMANKIGEHMEEHGIKFIRQFVPIKVEQIEAGTPGRLRVVAQSTNSEEIIEGEYNTVMLAIGRDACTRKIGLETVGVKINEKTGKIPVTDEEQTNVPYIYAIGDILEDKVELTPVAIQAGRLLAQRLYAGSTVKCDYENVPTTVFTPLEYGACGLSEEKAVEKFGEENIEVYHSYFWPLEWTIPSRDNNKCYAKIICNTKDNERVVGFHVLGPNAGEVTQGFAAALKCGLTKKQLDSTIGIHPVCAEVFTTLSVTKRSGASILQAGCUG
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Cytoplasm
Function
- Function:
- Isoform 1 may possess glutaredoxin activity as well as thioredoxin reductase activity and induces actin and tubulin polymerization, leading to formation of cell membrane protrusions. Isoform 4 enhances the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptors alpha and beta while isoform 5 enhances the transcriptional activity of the beta receptor only. Isoform 5 also mediates cell death induced by a combination of interferon-beta and retinoic acid.
- Catalytic Activity:
- Thioredoxin + NADP(+) = thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH.
- Cofactor:
- COFACTOR: Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692; ; Note=Binds 1 FAD per subunit.;
- Active Site:
- ACT_SITE 622 622 Proton acceptor.
- Cross Reference Drug Bank:
- DB01169 DB03147
- Gene Ontology Go:
- cytosol
extracellular exosome
mitochondrion
nucleus
electron carrier activity
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
methylseleninic acid reductase activity
methylselenol reductase activity
protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
cell proliferation
cell redox homeostasis
cellular lipid metabolic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular oxidant detoxification
gene expression
mesoderm formation
nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion
nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
response to reactive oxygen species
selenium compound metabolic process
signal transduction
small molecule metabolic process
transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- cell proliferation
cell redox homeostasis
cellular lipid metabolic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular oxidant detoxification
gene expression
mesoderm formation
nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion
nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
response to reactive oxygen species
selenium compound metabolic process
signal transduction
small molecule metabolic process
transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- electron carrier activity
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
methylseleninic acid reductase activity
methylselenol reductase activity
protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- cytosol
extracellular exosome
mitochondrion
nucleus - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
Acetylation
Alternative splicing
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Disulfide bond
Electron transport
FAD
Flavoprotein
NADP
Nucleus
Oxidoreductase
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Redox-active center
Reference proteome
Selenocysteine
Transport
Ubl conjugation - Interacts With:
- Q03135; P03372; Q92731