Names & Taxonomy

Uniprot ID:
P17174
Entry Name:
AATC_HUMAN
Status:
reviewed
Protein Names:
Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic (cAspAT) (EC 2.6.1.1) (EC 2.6.1.3) (Cysteine aminotransferase, cytoplasmic) (Cysteine transaminase, cytoplasmic) (cCAT) (Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1) (Transaminase A)
Gene Names:
GOT1
Gene Names Primary:
GOT1
Organism:
Homo sapiens (Human)

Structure

Length:
413
Sequence:
MAPPSVFAEVPQAQPVLVFKLTADFREDPDPRKVNLGVGAYRTDDCHPWVLPVVKKVEQKIANDNSLNHEYLPILGLAEFRSCASRLALGDDSPALKEKRVGGVQSLGGTGALRIGADFLARWYNGTNNKNTPVYVSSPTWENHNAVFSAAGFKDIRSYRYWDAEKRGLDLQGFLNDLENAPEFSIVVLHACAHNPTGIDPTPEQWKQIASVMKHRFLFPFFDSAYQGFASGNLERDAWAIRYFVSEGFEFFCAQSFSKNFGLYNERVGNLTVVGKEPESILQVLSQMEKIVRITWSNPPAQGARIVASTLSNPELFEEWTGNVKTMADRILTMRSELRARLEALKTPGTWNHITDQIGMFSFTGLNPKQVEYLVNEKHIYLLPSGRINVSGLTTKNLDYVATSIHEAVTKIQ
Proteomes:
UP000005640

Subcellular location

Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm

Function

Function:
Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is converted into H(2)S via the action of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). Hydrogen sulfide is an important synaptic modulator and neuroprotectant in the brain.
Catalytic Activity:
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate.; L-cysteine + 2-oxoglutarate = mercaptopyruvate + L-glutamate.
Cofactor:
COFACTOR: Name=pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:597326;
Cross Reference Drug Bank:
DB00128 DB00151
Gene Ontology Go:
axon terminus
cytoplasm
cytosol
extracellular exosome
lysosome
nucleus
carboxylic acid binding
identical protein binding
L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
L-cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
L-phenylalanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity
pyridoxal phosphate binding
2-oxoglutarate metabolic process
aspartate biosynthetic process
aspartate catabolic process
aspartate metabolic process
carbohydrate metabolic process
cellular amino acid biosynthetic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular response to insulin stimulus
fatty acid homeostasis
gluconeogenesis
glucose metabolic process
glutamate catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate
glutamate catabolic process to aspartate
glutamate metabolic process
glycerol biosynthetic process
L-methionine biosynthetic process from methylthioadenosine
Notch signaling pathway
oxaloacetate metabolic process
polyamine metabolic process
response to glucocorticoid
small molecule metabolic process
sulfur amino acid metabolic process
Gene Ontology Biological Process:
2-oxoglutarate metabolic process
aspartate biosynthetic process
aspartate catabolic process
aspartate metabolic process
carbohydrate metabolic process
cellular amino acid biosynthetic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular response to insulin stimulus
fatty acid homeostasis
gluconeogenesis
glucose metabolic process
glutamate catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate
glutamate catabolic process to aspartate
glutamate metabolic process
glycerol biosynthetic process
L-methionine biosynthetic process from methylthioadenosine
Notch signaling pathway
oxaloacetate metabolic process
polyamine metabolic process
response to glucocorticoid
small molecule metabolic process
sulfur amino acid metabolic process
Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
carboxylic acid binding
identical protein binding
L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
L-cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
L-phenylalanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity
pyridoxal phosphate binding
Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
axon terminus
cytoplasm
cytosol
extracellular exosome
lysosome
nucleus
Keywords:
3D-structure
Alternative splicing
Amino-acid biosynthesis
Aminotransferase
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Pyridoxal phosphate
Reference proteome
Transferase

Publication

PubMed ID:
1974457 14702039 15164054 15489334 2241899 16039064 21269460 21900944 22633534 22223895 24275569